Research recently published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology characterized the features and disease associations of posterior staphyloma in pediatric patients and introduced a new classification system for pediatric staphyloma by using the advanced retinal curvature function of UWF 3D SS-OCTA.
As the results shown, the pediatric group displayed prominent temporal and inferior temporal staphylomas, linked to the high prevalence of peripheral vascular diseases which was significantly different from adult staphylomas. Specifically, specific correlations between the location and the aetiology were found in this study, indicating that local lesions of the retina shading the light stimulation might induce eye shape changes.
Five unique pediatric staphyloma classifications were recommended in this study based on the posterior curvature map (PCM) and posterior height map (PHM). The UWF 3D SS-OCTA modality with posterior curvature offered unparalleled insights into staphyloma patterns, especially in pediatric patients.

A 400kHz speed swept-source OCTA (BMizar, TowardPi Medical) was used in this study to achieve PCM and PHM. Based on UWF SS-OCT, the posterior structure can be reconstructed according to axial length. Gaussian curvature of each point is calculated in 3-dimension, which can be directly used to evaluate the posterior staphyloma.

This research is authored by Dr. Limei Sun, etc. team of Prof. Xiaoyan Ding, from Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center.

Link to original text: https://bjo.bmj.com/content/109/1/133